Understanding Your Credit

Understand


The work week is over it’s “Pay Day!” Happy as it might be, the business of taking care of bills, putting food on the table and paying debts needs to be done. But where should you start? Here are some helpful hints where to begin.

Budget

A budget is a tool to help you plan, prioritize, and manage your income and expenses. Review your budget often and update it when you are experiencing a change in income and expenses.

  • Write down your monthly take-home pay. Or if you’re out of work, your unemployment compensation. If you’re in sales – or work on commission – you may have to estimate, since your income may vary from month to month. List income you receive from any source, like a part-time job, a tax refund, gifts, unemployment, public assistance, dividends, and alimony or child support. Add the entries to determine your actual income for that month. Keep in mind, some of these amounts may fluctuate.
  • List how much you deposit in savings each month from your take-home income, even if it’s only a small amount.
  • List your fixed monthly expenses – the predictable, set amounts for the must-have items and services that you pay for each month – like rent or mortgage, car payment, and telephone, cable, or Internet access.
  • List your variable expenses – the amounts that change, as well as the expenses you pay weekly, monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or every year – like groceries, clothing, haircuts, property taxes, auto and homeowners insurance, and gas and electric.
  • List estimates for once-in-a-while expenses – like birthday and wedding gifts, or holiday gifts and entertainment.
  • Total your fixed and variable expenses and divide by 12 to get a monthly estimate.
  • If after paying your bills and putting money in savings, you still have funds, you can carry over the balance for the next month or use it for unexpected expenses. If this month’s balance is negative, look for ways to cut back on the variable expenses.

Spending

Spending money is easy. Spending money wisely is another thing altogether. If you ever wonder where your money goes, here’s how to find out.

If you’ve ever heard the advice, “never go to the grocery store without a list or when you’re hungry,” chances are you know why: you’re likely to buy more than you need and spend more, too. Regardless of where you’re shopping and how you pay for your purchases, remember to:

  • Go online. Check out websites that compare prices. If you decide to buy from an online merchant, keep shipping costs and delivery time in mind.
  • Clip coupons. Coupons are useful when they save you money on what you’re already planning to buy. You can find some coupons in the Sunday paper or often, at coupon exchanges at your local library. Or you can download others – full coupons or simply codes – from manufacturer and retailer sites online. If you are shopping online, you simply enter the code at checkout.
  • Look for price matching policies. Some merchants will match, or even beat, a competitor’s prices.
  • Shop around. A “sale” price isn’t always the “best” price. Some merchants may offer a sale price on the item you want for a limited time; other merchants may offer items at a discount everyday. Other merchants may offer a deep discount on one item – but only if you agree to spend a minimum that is several hundred dollars more.
  • Use debit and credit cards sparingly. To minimize interest and other charges, try to limit credit card purchases to an amount you can pay in full at the end of the month. If you use a debit card, don’t rely on an overdraft feature to spend money you don’t have. When you leave your house, carry only the card you may need to use rather than all your cards “just in case.”
  • Keep track of spending. Incidental and impulse purchases add up. Jotting down what you spend after every purchase helps keep you mindful of your limits. At least once a month, use credit card, checking, and other records to review what you’ve bought. Then ask yourself if it makes sense to move some of this spending to an emergency savings account.

Saving

You know it’s important to save money, whether it’s for an emergency fund, your retirement, or to buy something special. But it’s not always easy to stash any spare Consider yourself a creditor. When you pay your bills, write a check to yourself. Decide on a realistic amount. Deposit the money into a savings, investment, or retirement account. Then, pay your other bills as usual. If you find that you don’t have enough money to cover all your expenses, write down the amount you are short and look for ways to trim your budget: Borrow books from the library rather than buying new; brew your own coffee rather than buying it; consider raising the deductible on your auto insurance; buy store brands instead of name brands; cancel subscriptions to magazines you don’t read or can find at the library or online.

Once you start a regular savings plan, consider increasing your monthly deposit if you get a pay raise, or when you pay off a debt. For example, once you pay off your car loan, student loan, or other installment debt, deposit that amount into a savings account. Once your toddler is out of diapers, deposit the amount you spent on diapers into savings. You won’t miss the money if it’s put into savings, but more than likely, you’ll find a way to spend it if it’s in your checking account.

  • If you need some fast cash, consider selling items around the house you no longer use, either online, at a garage sale, or at a local consignment shop. When you sell online, you may use an auction or classified ad site. Check the sites for policies and procedures. When you agree to consign items to a shop, you’re a consignor. You still own your stuff, but you give the shop the right to sell it. The shop becomes the consignee. When the items sell, you get a percentage of the selling price that you agreed to in advance. A profit split of 50/50 or 60/40, with the higher percentage going to the shop, is typical.
  • Avoid payday lenders. A payday loan is a cash advance secured by a personal check or paid by electronic transfer. It is very expensive credit. How expensive? Say you need to borrow $100 for two weeks. You write a personal check for $115; $15 is the fee to borrow the money. The check casher agrees to hold your check until your next payday. When that day comes around, either the lender deposits the check and you redeem it by paying the $115 in cash, The cost of the $100 loan is a $15 finance charge, which works out to an annual percentage rate of 391 percent. If you roll-over the loan three times, the finance charge would climb to $60 to borrow the $100.